Gallantry and colonial violence Yinka Shonibare gained international recognition in 2002 with his installation Gallantry and Criminal Conversation for documenta 11. The British-Nigerian artist staged headless dolls dressed in elaborate Rococo costumes made from “traditional” African batik fabrics dating from the period shortly before the French Revolution, when the European aristocracy ruled the colonies and the slave trade was flourishing. At first glance, Shonibare’s tableaux appear to present idyllic, romantic narratives of an educated society. In fact, however, they depict scenarios of latent sexual decadence and violence.
Ideas of exoticism and folklore In many of his works, including those created for documenta 11, Shonibare uses bright colors and “traditional” batik patterns derived from Dutch wax fabrics, which are popular in West Africa but actually originated in Indonesia and were introduced to Africa by the Netherlands during the colonial period in the nineteenth century. These fabrics are still imported into Africa today, now in industrially manufactured form. Shonibare thus questions Eurocentric notions of exoticism and folklore, as well as the reciprocal relationship between “African” aesthetics and Western modernity.
The African Library The African Library is considered one of his most important installations. It is part of a large-scale project comprising three libraries. Developed over several years, the work engages with the legacy of colonial history and the necessity of decolonization across three continents. In addition to The British Library (2014), which is now part of the permanent collection of the Tate, and The American Library (2018), which has been exhibited in museums across North America, The African Library was also conceived for Shonibare’s first exhibition on the African continent in Cape Town. The installation consists of six thousand books bound in wax-printed fabrics and embossed with the names of individuals who have helped shape Africa in the postcolonial era, like Rabia Djelzi and Wole Soyinka. Shonibare’s intention is to give public visibility to many people who remain little known or unknown within the Western canon.
Late recognition The library is organized into thematic sections or “collections” such as literature, science, music, and art. In a study room, visitors can access a microsite to learn more about the individuals represented in the library and their contributions to shaping contemporary Africa. The African Library Collection (Poets) was conceived in 2020 as a spin-off collection, bringing together many authors who have yet to receive recognition in Europe and the United States.
Information
Gallantry and colonial violence
Yinka Shonibare gained international recognition in 2002 with his installation Gallantry and Criminal Conversation for documenta 11. The British-Nigerian artist staged headless dolls dressed in elaborate Rococo costumes made from “traditional” African batik fabrics dating from the period shortly before the French Revolution, when the European aristocracy ruled the colonies and the slave trade was flourishing. At first glance, Shonibare’s tableaux appear to present idyllic, romantic narratives of an educated society. In fact, however, they depict scenarios of latent sexual decadence and violence.
Ideas of exoticism and folklore
In many of his works, including those created for documenta 11, Shonibare uses bright colors and “traditional” batik patterns derived from Dutch wax fabrics, which are popular in West Africa but actually originated in Indonesia and were introduced to Africa by the Netherlands during the colonial period in the nineteenth century. These fabrics are still imported into Africa today, now in industrially manufactured form. Shonibare thus questions Eurocentric notions of exoticism and folklore, as well as the reciprocal relationship between “African” aesthetics and Western modernity.
The African Library
The African Library is considered one of his most important installations. It is part of a large-scale project comprising three libraries. Developed over several years, the work engages with the legacy of colonial history and the necessity of decolonization across three continents. In addition to The British Library (2014), which is now part of the permanent collection of the Tate, and The American Library (2018), which has been exhibited in museums across North America, The African Library was also conceived for Shonibare’s first exhibition on the African continent in Cape Town. The installation consists of six thousand books bound in wax-printed fabrics and embossed with the names of individuals who have helped shape Africa in the postcolonial era, like Rabia Djelzi and Wole Soyinka. Shonibare’s intention is to give public visibility to many people who remain little known or unknown within the Western canon.
Late recognition
The library is organized into thematic sections or “collections” such as literature, science, music, and art. In a study room, visitors can access a microsite to learn more about the individuals represented in the library and their contributions to shaping contemporary Africa. The African Library Collection (Poets) was conceived in 2020 as a spin-off collection, bringing together many authors who have yet to receive recognition in Europe and the United States.
Audio
Note: The audio transcription is voiced by an AI.
Yinka Shonibare CBE, The African Library Collection (Poets), 2022
183 hardback books, Dutch wax printed cotton textile, gold foiled names, wooden shelves, white paint, index card box
© VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn 2026
Written Art Collection
Further artworks from this exhibition
Intro into the exhibition
100
Intro into the exhibition
Lawrence Weiner, THE GRACE OF GESTURE, 2010
101
Lawrence Weiner, THE GRACE OF GESTURE, 2010
On Kawara, JUNE 1, 1967, 1967
102
On Kawara, JUNE 1, 1967, 1967
Chapter: wordsearch - Concept and Poetry
Karin Sander, wordsearch, 2002
103
Karin Sander, wordsearch, 2002
Chapter: wordsearch - Concept and Poetry
Etel Adnan, The Linden Tree Poems, 2019
104
Etel Adnan, The Linden Tree Poems, 2019
Chapter: wordsearch - Concept and Poetry
Natalie Czech, A poem by Repetition by Emmett Williams, 2013
105
Natalie Czech, A poem by Repetition by Emmett Williams, 2013
Chapter: wordsearch - Concept and Poetry
Herta Müller, Paper Collages, 2012
106
Herta Müller, Paper Collages, 2012
Chapter: wordsearch - Concept and Poetry
Marcel Dzama, Ulysses, 2009
107
Marcel Dzama, Ulysses, 2009
Chapter: Ulysses - Narration and Identity
Claudia Comte, Cecilia (interview painting), 2021
108
Claudia Comte, Cecilia (interview painting), 2021
Chapter: Ulysses - Narration and Identity
Slavs and Tatars, Molla Nasreddin the antimodern, 2012
109
Slavs and Tatars, Molla Nasreddin the antimodern, 2012
Chapter: Ulysses - Narration and Identity
Larissa Fassler, Regent Street/Regent's Park (Dickens thought it looked like a racetrack), 2009
111
Larissa Fassler, Regent Street/Regent's Park (Dickens thought it looked like a racetrack), 2009
Chapter: Map of Utopia - History, Cartography, Worlds Design
Joseph Beuys, Initiation Gauloise, 1976
112
Joseph Beuys, Initiation Gauloise, 1976
Chapter: Map of Utopia - History, Cartography, Worlds Design
Qiu Zhijie, 24 World Maps, 2015-2017
113
Qiu Zhijie, 24 World Maps, 2015-2017
Chapter: Map of Utopia - History, Cartography, Worlds Design
Agathe Snow, Walls, 2010
114
Agathe Snow, Walls, 2010
Chapter: Map of Utopia - History, Cartography, Worlds Design
William Kentridge, Anti-Mercator, 2010-2011 & Untitled, Drawing for Black Box / Chambre Noire, 2005
115
William Kentridge, Anti-Mercator, 2010-2011 & Untitled, Drawing for Black Box / Chambre Noire, 2005
Chapter: Map of Utopia - History, Cartography, Worlds Design
Meschac Gaba, Museum of Contemporary African Art in Berlin, 2014
116
Meschac Gaba, Museum of Contemporary African Art in Berlin, 2014
Chapter: Map of Utopia - History, Cartography, Worlds Design
Wong Hoy Cheong, Study for Colonies Bite Back, 2001
117
Wong Hoy Cheong, Study for Colonies Bite Back, 2001
Chapter: Map of Utopia - History, Cartography, Worlds Design
Ellen Gallagher, La Chinoise, 2008
118
Ellen Gallagher, La Chinoise, 2008
Chapter: Map of Utopia - History, Cartography, Worlds Design
Mounira Al Solh, His Funeral, Our Funeral, Their Funeral, 2023
120
Mounira Al Solh, His Funeral, Our Funeral, Their Funeral, 2023
Chapter: Home of My Eyes - Home and Exile
Shirin Neshat, Home of My Eyes, 2015
121
Shirin Neshat, Home of My Eyes, 2015
Chapter: Home of My Eyes - Home and Exile
Viviane Sassen, Code/Blue, 2019
122
Viviane Sassen, Code/Blue, 2019
Chapter: Small Right Hand Down - Democracy and Freedom
Jenny Holzer, Redaction Paintings, 2005-2008
123
Jenny Holzer, Redaction Paintings, 2005-2008
Chapter: Small Right Hand Down - Democracy and Freedom
Annette Kelm, Jeans Buttons, 2023
125
Annette Kelm, Jeans Buttons, 2023
Chapter: Small Right Hand Down - Democracy and Freedom
Mounira Al Solh, Sama'/Ma'as (Ba'ath), 2014
126
Mounira Al Solh, Sama'/Ma'as (Ba'ath), 2014
Chapter: Seelenfenster - Gesture, Movement, Cipher
Charles Hossein Zenderoudi, Chucavira, 1985
127
Charles Hossein Zenderoudi, Chucavira, 1985
Chapter: Seelenfenster - Gesture, Movement, Cipher
Siah Armajani, Panje Tan, 1960
128
Siah Armajani, Panje Tan, 1960
Chapter: Seelenfenster - Gesture, Movement, Cipher
Ahmed Mater, Sajdah Illumination, 2009
130
Ahmed Mater, Sajdah Illumination, 2009
Chapter: Seelenfenster - Gesture, Movement, Cipher
Imi Knoebel, Pencil drawings, untitled, 1972
131
Imi Knoebel, Pencil drawings, untitled, 1972
Chapter: Seelenfenster - Gesture, Movement, Cipher
Yūichi Inoue, TORI, 1976
132
Yūichi Inoue, TORI, 1976
Chapter: Seelenfenster - Gesture, Movement, Cipher
Yang Jiechang, 100 Layers of Ink, 1992-1994
133
Yang Jiechang, 100 Layers of Ink, 1992-1994
Chapter: Seelenfenster - Gesture, Movement, Cipher
Rebecca Horn, Seelenfenster (Painting with Sculpture “Zimbel Zen”), 2012
134
Rebecca Horn, Seelenfenster (Painting with Sculpture “Zimbel Zen”), 2012
Chapter: Seelenfenster - Gesture, Movement, Cipher
Shiryū Morita, KI (JU), 1989
135
Shiryū Morita, KI (JU), 1989
Chapter: Seelenfenster - Gesture, Movement, Cipher